Instructional Design according to Dick and Carey

Source: https://trainingindustry.com/wiki/content-development/the-dick-and-carey-model/

The Dick and Carey Model is an instructional design model that provides a systematic approach to designing effective instructional materials. It consists of nine stages, including identifying instructional goals, conducting instructional analysis, defining instructional objectives, sequencing content, designing instructional strategies, developing instructional materials, conducting formative evaluation, revising instruction, and conducting summative evaluation.

1.     Identify instructional goals: This stage involves identifying the overarching instructional goals or outcomes that the instruction aims to achieve. It involves considering the needs and expectations of the learners and the context in which the instruction will take place.

2.     Conduct instructional analysis: In this step, the instructional designer conducts a thorough analysis of the learners, the learning environment, and the content to be taught. This helps in understanding the characteristics and needs of the learners, identifying the prerequisites for learning, and determining the most effective instructional strategies.

3.     Define instructional objectives: Based on the instructional goals and analysis, clear and measurable instructional objectives are formulated. These objectives specify what the learners are expected to know or be able to do after completing the instruction, and serve as a guide for the development of instructional materials.

4.     Sequence content: The instructional content is organized in a logical and coherent sequence. This involves determining the optimal order in which the content should be presented to facilitate learning and ensure that the learners can build upon their existing knowledge and skills.

 

5.     Design instructional strategies: Instructional strategies or methods are selected based on the defined instructional objectives. These strategies outline how the instructional content will be presented to the learners, and may include techniques such as lectures, discussions, demonstrations, or interactive activities.

6.     Develop instructional materials: Instructional materials, such as lesson plans, presentations, or multimedia resources, are created based on the defined instructional objectives and selected instructional strategies. These materials are designed to facilitate the learning process and engage the learners in acquiring the desired knowledge and skills.

7.     Conduct formative evaluation: The instructional materials are tested and evaluated during the development process. Formative evaluation involves obtaining feedback from learners or experts to identify any areas that need improvement or revision. This feedback is used to refine the instructional materials and ensure their effectiveness.

8.     Revise instruction: Based on the feedback obtained from formative evaluation, the instructional materials are revised as needed. This stage involves making necessary changes to address any identified issues or deficiencies and enhance the instructional effectiveness.

9.     Conduct summative evaluation: After the instructional materials have been revised, a final evaluation is conducted to assess the overall effectiveness of the instruction in achieving the defined instructional objectives. Summative evaluation helps in determining whether the instructional goals have been met and provides feedback for future instructional design projects.

 

Hence, the Dick and Carey Model involves a systematic approach to instructional design, including identifying instructional goals, conducting instructional analysis, defining instructional objectives, sequencing content, designing instructional strategies, developing instructional materials, conducting formative evaluation, revising instruction, and conducting summative evaluation. Each step contributes to the development of effective instructional materials that align with specific learning objectives and meet the needs of the learners.

For further reading: Instructional Design Using the Dick and Carey Systems Approach  

https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/WC294?downloadOpen=true